Page 146 - 2018 SP Product Guide

Herb-Drug Interaction Chart
At an identical concentration of total polyphenols, black tea was more inhibitory than all the herb
Another clinical study also found a dose-dependent effect, and the reduced absorption was most
marked when coffee was taken with the meal or one hour later. No decrease in iron absorption
Administered in freeze-dried form (4.2 g), which would be expected to have a lower inhibitory
teas excluding peppermint: black tea was of equal inhibition to peppermint tea. 237 The type of

polyphenols present, as well as the concentration, may affect iron absorption.

occurred when coffee was consumed one hour before the meal. 355

content (ascorbic acid enhances iron absorption). 241 effect than with the use of fresh chili, as freeze drying probably decreased the ascorbic acid The different results for cayenne and turmeric under the same experimental conditions, suggest it is not only the quantity of polyphenol present that determines the inhibition, but also for example, the structure of the polyphenol (and hence mechanism of iron binding). 241 Fructus Schisandra is defined

John’s wort.
BB. CC. DD. EE. FF. GG. HH. JJ. KK. LL.

A higher prednisolone/prednisone ratio indicates decreased conversion of prednisolone (active) to
interchangeably. For example, the results of a clinical study are described: “polyphenols present in
unknown, and may have been within the normal range). In these studies isotope-labelled cortisol
involve opposing effects on 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (glycyrrhizin inhibiting,
tea and coffee inhibited iron absorption in a dose-dependent manner”. The ‘polyphenol’ content
drugs metabolized by CYP2C9. CYP2C9 is the main enzyme responsible for transforming losartan
recent years to lack precision. Polyphenol is the preferred term when considering the properties
for 56 days); 196 including where plasma renin levels were high (3.1 ng/mL/h), 196 but in another
at a molecular level. Plant polyphenols are broadly divisible into proanthocyanidins (condensed
was measured using a spectrophotometric method for the determination of “tannins and other
No effect on blood pressure in healthy volunteers in two studies (130 mg/day of glycyrrhetinic
The word tannin has a long established and extensive usage although it is considered in more
Several variants of CYP2C9 have been identified in humans: the most important mutations are
content may actually be the content of tannins or tannins + polyphenols. 388 It is recommended
acid = 227 mg/day of glycyrrhizin, for 14 days; 184 licorice tablets (266 mg/day of glycyrrhizin)
polyphenolics”. 356 Depending on the analytical method used, it is possible that the polyphenol
derivatives (hydrolyzable tannins). 387 The terms ‘tannin’ and ‘polyphenol’ are sometimes used
study, blood pressure increased in healthy volunteers taking 546 mg/day of glycyrrhizin for 4
CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3. The CYP2C9*3 variant shows decreased metabolic activity for many
ACE-inhibitor promoting), thus affecting mineralocorticoid receptor activity. Reduction of drug
cortisol while (endogenous) cortisol decreased (although statistical and clinical significance is
plasma (exogenous) cortisone/cortisol ratio decreased, 202 suggesting increased (exogenous)
occasionally hyperkalemia. The mechanism of the interaction is not known, although it may
tannins) and polymers of esters based on gallic and/or hexahydroxydiphenic acid and their
This is a guide, based on a recommendation from the German Commission E for long-term
Maximum plasma cortisol (exogenous) was not increased in one volunteer; 203 in the other,
consumption of licorice as a flavoring. Glycyrrhizin is also known as glycyrrhizinic acid and
ACE-inhibitors cause mild natriuresis (an increase in sodium excretion in the urine) and
was administered, which allowed exogenous and endogenous cortisol to be measured.
dosage revealed the existing hypokalemia caused by this dosage of glycyrrhizin.
weeks, only for those with plasma renin activity greater than 1.5 ng/mL/h. 386
herbs, and Tannin-containing or OPC-containing herbs. that both sections of this chart be considered: Polyphenol-containing or Flavonoid-containing Heme iron is derived from hemoglobin and myoglobin mainly in meat products. Non-heme iron is derived mainly from cereals, vegetables and fruits.
glycyrrhizic acid. prednisone (inactive). to its active metabolite.

T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z. AA.

Herb-Drug Interaction Chart • MediHerb Product Catalog 2018 145
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